Antitrust Investigation of E-Book Companies - 1136 Words

Antitrust Investigation Of E-Book Companies Today’s society is based on ever changing technology. Not only are there computers, cell phones, and gaming systems, but also Androids, I pads, and E-readers are now available. Computers and other devices such as I pads and Androids offered through Apple, and e-readers such as the Nook offered through a company called Barnes and Noble and the Kindle offered through another company, Amazon, can be used to read electronic books, also known as e-books. The e-books are offered through these companies with the help of publishers in an Oligopoly Market Structure, which is when a few companies and, in this case, publishers offer a product like the e-books to consumers, in an imperfect competition.†¦show more content†¦(Kanter, 2011, p. 3) Apple and the five publishing companies shouldn’t take their antitrust investigation lightly. While they have committed collusion against other companies that provide e-books like Barnes and Nobel their main company they collude d against was Amazon. They have forced publishers to look at how they provide the book and the prices they sell them for. A monopoly is a good thing when it comes to certain products like utilities. I also think that in some cases a government monopoly is good as well. While there isn’t a competition for these companies to help keep prices down, this lack of competition can keep the price down in itself. If there is the one resource and the one company that provides it, the company would more likely keep the cost down because it is not competing for the resource it uses to produce its good. Therefore, the company and the government won’t face being charged more for the resource to produce a good. I also feel that the oligopolies are good as well. The competition can help keep the costs down for the consumer. In this case with the e-books as well as other products such as clothing or shoes other companies will compete for selling the products and therefore thi s can result in prices being lower because companies are trying to get more customers. This can help a company’s economies of scale as well. In the long run, the company can expand the amount of products itShow MoreRelatedSwot Analysis Of Alibuba In China1093 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: In the year 2016, an e-commerce giant held a one-day sales bonanza that outsold Black Friday and Cyber Monday at all US retailers combined. It was not Amazon’s Prime Day; it was Chinese e-commerce company Alibaba’s â€Å"Singles’ Day Holiday,† in November of 2016, where approximately $17.8 billion worth of goods were sold, according to Business Insider (http://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-prime-day-vs-alibaba-singles-day-2017-7). 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Bernie Sanders A Different Era - 1036 Words

Kalee Mycal Ewald English 101 Professor David Backer January 9th, 2016 Bernie Sanders 2016 Candidate Bernie Sanders, though from a different era, is this generation’s 2016 candidate. He’s stood up for women and LGBT rights, against the expanding the usage of fossil fuels, and always with the ‘little people’ in mind. Not only is Bernie Sander’s track record as mayor and senator of Vermont groundbreaking, he’s taking a stand on American and World issues such as the class system, women’s reproductive rights, and civil rights; that’s what qualifies him as front runner in the candidacy. Bernie Sander’s refuses to defund Planned Parenthood. He is a proponent for same-sex marriage. Mr. Sanders has been more enthusiastic in pushing for not only the protection of women’s reproductive rights, but the expansion of and access to women’s health programs (Lee). PP isn’t just ‘an abortion clinic.’ Out of the 10.6 million services, 327,653 of them were abortion procedures (3%) (Lee). †Å"The current attempt to discredit Planned Parenthood is part of a long-term smear campaign by people who want to deny women in this country the right to control their own bodies,† Sanders said in a statement (Lavender). Sanders voted for the Violence Against Women Act in 2013, which protects and provides support for victims, as well as strengthening the legal response to abuse. â€Å"The Violence Against Women Act is an extremely important law and has helped protect women in Vermont and across our country forShow MoreRelatedThe World And Me1586 Words   |  7 Pagesbefore the common era, to Ta Nehisi Coates’s Between the World and Me. 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Diploma in Business Management and Leadership

Question: Discuss about theDiploma in Business Management and Leadership. Answer: Introduction- City of Sydney Sydney is a cosmopolitan city which is vibrant in nature and is an internationally acclaimed tourist attraction. The local government authority, City of Sydney, is responsible for the center of the city and the 30 surrounding suburbs (Dowling, McGuirk Bulkeley, 2014). The aim of this authority is to make Sydney a global, green and well connected city. It aims to foster the society, economy, and culture of the city. The City of Sydney is the primary consent authority in the local regions and provide local services such as assessment of development applications, street cleansing, collection of waste, maintaining roads and others WHS Policy of WHS The Work Health and Safety (WHS) policy of City of Sydney are committed to the safety, health and welfare of the employees as well as the visitors who travel to the city (Cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au, 2016). The City is aware of its responsibilities towards the optimum protection of the workers from the occupational health hazards. The City makes it sure that their workplace is safe and has a minimal amount of risk involved with it (Cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au, 2016). The key features of the WHS policy are described below (Cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au, 2016)- Attaining a safe work environment Devising safe infrastructure of work Promotion of optimum health among the workplace Promotion of workplace health as well as safety information and education to the workers Complying with the regulations, acts, standards and the relevant codes of practice Consulting with the management, workers and their representatives Reduction of the number of injuries and their severities in the workplace Commonwealth WHS Legislations The WHS legislation requires the workplace owners and the employers to manage the workplace risks so that they can protect the health as well as the safety of the workers. The primary WHS law in the Commonwealth is the Work Health and Safety Act 2011 which is supported by the Work Health and Safety Regulations 2011 (SafeWork NSW, 2016). This law was developed by the Safe Work Australia and applies to all forms of employment in the Common Wealth and the self-insurers for the purpose of workers compensation. The City of Sydney follows these legislations as well as the Codes of Practice that aid in the implementation of the workplace health and safety laws (Cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au, 2016). Legal Duty of WHS Practitioner The legislative duties of the WHS practitioner in the City of Sydney are (Cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au, 2016)- Management of the risks in the workplace, including the specific risks to all the stakeholders Good knowledge of the Commonwealth laws Every entity in the workplace is entitled to contribution in the management of risks Ensure safety of all the workers Minimize occupational hazards to the employees Encourage a safe and health workplace so that there is an increase in the employee productivity Eliminate negligence regarding the workers safety Eliminate discrimination in providing the safety measures Potential Work Hazards A hazard is a substance or ingredient that may cause serious harm or injury to a person, the instrument or the surrounding environment (Schulte et al., 2013). When the hazard is present inside the workplace or inside the premises of an organization, it is known as work hazards. Some of the common work hazards are described below- Biological hazards- These include the hazards caused by bacteria, fungi, body fluids, blood and insect bites. It is related to the waste management activities, which is a major duty of the City of Sydney. Poor ergonomics- These types of hazards include improper workstations, poor posture, awkward movements, vibration and others that can cause trouble for the employees (Schulte et al., 2013). Physical hazards- These are the environmental factors such as extreme temperatures, radiation, loud noise and others, that affect the workers. Work organization hazards- These include workplace demand, violence, sexual harassment, lack of respect and others (Landsbergis, Grzywacz LaMontagne, 2014) Chemical hazards- These include the chemical exposure of the workers such as cleaning liquids, flammable materials, gases, vapors, pesticides and others that can cause choking of the employees. Safety hazards- This type of hazard is dangerous as it is related to unsafe working conditions, which can cause illness, injury or death of the employees (Schulte et al., 2013). There may be electrical hazards, spills, tripping on cords, unguarded machinery and others which can affect the employees. Risk Management Strategies The potential hazards should be controlled by the following risk management strategies (Reason, 2016)- Biological hazards- The complete removal of these hazards is the only way to minimize these hazards. (Method- Elimination). Poor ergonomics- The implementation of safer work practices and providing sufficient training to the employees may curb this kind of hazards. (Method- Control Administratively). Physical hazards- This type of hazard can be controlled by removal of the person from the subsequent hazard. (Method- Isolate) (Reason, 2016). Work organization hazards- This can be reduced by minimizing the risk of the organizational practices. (Method- Reduce). Chemical hazards- This type of hazard can be controlled by promoting the use of personal protective equipments like safety glasses, head gears and others. (Method- Protect). Safety hazards- This type of hazard can be controlled by redesigning the equipments so that they are safer to use. (Method- Engineer). Risk Assessment Table Potential hazard Risk assessment- Likelihood Risk assessment- Consequence Control measures Biological hazards Low likelihood Ill health of employees Elimination Poor ergonomics High likelihood Body pain Control Administratively Physical hazards Moderate likelihood Deafness or cancer Isolate Work organization hazards High likelihood Low morale Reduce Chemical hazards Moderate likelihood Breathing problems Protect Safety hazards High likelihood Physical injury Engineer Existing Consultation Process Of WHS The existing consultation process City of Sydney consists of the health and safety committee, which comprise of the management as well as employee representatives (Cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au, 2016/). The employee representatives provide their own input to the WHS program. The management personnel authorize the recommendations of the committee. The management consultants work with the employees as well as the visitors so that both the parties fulfil their individual responsibilities in WHS (Aneja, 2016). The consultative committee should be made more diversified and people from all managerial levels should be included in it. Consultation Guideline A good consultation guideline is dependent on good communication practice. It is important to make the employees aware of the changes in the WHS legislations because they are the primary stakeholders. The three methods of communication that can be used in City of Sydney are email, internal discussion forums and company chats (Mishra, Boynton Mishra, 2014). It is true that offline or traditional tools can also be used, however, in this digital age, technology is the best tool of communication. It is important to implement collaborative strategies in the organization (Binder, 2016). The management should use a single communication tool that would inform the entire workforce rather than communicating individually (Cornelissen, 2014). This process creates unity in the organization. This also saves the precious time of the organization, which it can devote to other important jobs. Conclusion The WHS policy is one of the important legal framework of an organization as it is concerned with the health and well being of the employees. The employees are the assets of an organization. If they are ill, then the organizational productivity would suffer. This report analyzed the WHS policies of City of Sydney, which is one of the most important governing authority of Australia. This analysis would open the door for the future research on this subject. References Aneja, U. (2016). Bold Reform or Empty Rhetoric? A Critique of the World Humanitarian Summit. Binder, J. (2016).Global project management: communication, collaboration and management across borders. CRC Press. Cornelissen, J. (2014).Corporate communication: A guide to theory and practice. Sage. Dowling, R., McGuirk, P., Bulkeley, H. (2014). Retrofitting cities: local governance in Sydney, Australia.Cities,38, 18-24. Home - City of Sydney. (2016).Cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 25 August 2016, from https://www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au Home. (2016).SafeWork NSW. Retrieved 25 August 2016, from https://www.safework.nsw.gov.au Landsbergis, P. A., Grzywacz, J. G., LaMontagne, A. D. (2014). Work organization, job insecurity, and occupational health disparities.American journal of industrial medicine,57(5), 495-515. Mishra, K., Boynton, L., Mishra, A. (2014). Driving Employee Engagement The Expanded Role of Internal Communications.International Journal of Business Communication,51(2), 183-202. Reason, J. (2016).Managing the risks of organizational accidents. Routledge. Schulte, P. A., McKernan, L. T., Heidel, D. S., Okun, A. H., Dotson, G. S., Lentz, T. J., ... Branche, C. M. (2013). Occupational safety and health, green chemistry, and sustainability: a review of areas of convergence.Environmental Health,12(1), 1.

The Presence Of Ambition Within Macbeth Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper The Dead Butcher and His Fiend-Like Queen. Ambition is a quality within every homo, nevertheless it sometimes drives people to partake in wholly unnatural actions. As illustrated in William Shakespeare # 8217 ; s Macbeth, some signifiers of aspiration can force people into going a individual really sinister and evil. The aspiration which Macbeth and Lady Macbeth brush within Shakespeare # 8217 ; s play non merely drives them to go pitiless slayers, but is the cause of the two characters run intoing their death. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth turn away from the honest and soft people they one time were and alternatively go # 8220 ; the dead meatman and his fiend-like queen. # 8221 ; ( V, Sc eight, 69 ) The # 8220 ; fiend-like queen # 8221 ; or Lady Macbeth, is first seen in the drama merely after having a missive from her hubby. This missive was the start of her death and first nowadayss the alteration in Lady Macbeth. Merely minutes after reading the missive, Lady Macbeth learns that the male monarch himself will be remaining with her and Macbeth in their palace that flushing. We will write a custom essay sample on The Presence Of Ambition Within Macbeth Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At this clip she already begins believing of Duncan # 8217 ; s slaying as seen when she remarks, # 8220 ; The Corvus corax himself is gruff that croaks the fatal entryway of Duncan # 8230 ; and make full me, from the Crown to the toe, top-full of direst cruelty. # 8221 ; ( I, sc six, 38-43 ) At this point she goes to the extent of be aftering the slaying of Duncan and already prepares to presume full duty of the slaying. During this minute of the drama, Macbeth besides appears and the influence Lady Macbeth has over him is clearly seen. She refers to Macbeth as a # 8220 ; coward # 8221 ; ( I, sc seven, 43 ) which in bend shows the aspiration Lady Macbeth has for her hubby to derive the Crown. Clearly Lady Macbeth # 8217 ; s words and actions towards Macbeth have the affect she wished because Macbeth did stop up slaying his ain male monarch. Although some may see Lady Macbeth as inhumane, surprisingly she shows marks of kindness and attention in some of the most unforeseen points within the drama. After all of the readyings have been made to transport out the decease of Duncan, Lady Macbeth ponders on killing Duncan herself but humanly tells Macbeth she can non make it because # 8220 ; he resembled my male parent as he slept. # 8221 ; ( II, Sc two, 12-13 ) Clearly a softer, adult female like side of Lady Macbeth is present here, unlike what she asked for by inquiring the liquors to # 8220 ; unsex # 8221 ; her ( I, sc six, 41 ) Even merely after the slaying occurs, Lady Macbeth shows her compassionate side towards Macbeth by trying to quiet his nervousnesss and even manages to convey a spot of wit and sarcasm in to the state of affairs by stating # 8220 ; These workss must non be thought after these ways: so, it will do us mad. # 8221 ; ( II, Sc two, 32 ) Lady Macbeth # 8217 ; s efforts to comfort her hubby after s o vile a title are accented when she herself besides laces the guard # 8217 ; s stickers with blood and so workss them on them. By making this she fulfilled her program of bordering Duncan # 8217 ; s guards for the slaying as seen when she says # 8220 ; his spongy officers, who shall bear the guilt of our great quell. # 8221 ; ( I, sc seven, 71-72. ) The forenoon after the slaying, Lady Macbeth exclaimed # 8220 ; What, In our house? # 8221 ; ( II, Sc three, 86 ) when Macduff announced the intelligence of the male monarch # 8217 ; s decease. This bogus exclaiming is clearly done to pull all of the intuition off from her and her hubby. She takes this # 8220 ; moving # 8221 ; even further when she finds out that Macbeth has himself killed the two guards. Lady Macbeth swoons and calls # 8220 ; assist me hence, Ho! # 8221 ; ( II, Sc three, 117 ) She is so carried out, therefore successfully acquiring every individual present the forenoon after the slaying to believe she and her hubby had no engagement with the slaying. Quite an actress! As the drama continues, Lady Macbeth remains strongly in control and manages surprisingly good every possible job which arises which could demo her and her hubby # 8217 ; s guilt. Possibly the greatest illustration of this is the feast scene which Macbeth sees Banquo # 8217 ; s shade. As all Lords of Scotland expression on, Macbeth shouts at a shade which merely he himself sees. In an honest attempt to cover up her hubby # 8217 ; s unusual behaviour, she attempts to explicate to the Lords that # 8220 ; this tantrum is fleeting ; upon a idea he will once more be well. # 8221 ; ( III, Sc four, 55-56 ) One must detect she is speedy to hide the existent significance behind these # 8220 ; fits # 8221 ; of her hubby. Ironically, as Macbeth becomes deeper and deeper engrossed in his lunacy, Lady Macbeth begins to put measure upon the brink of insanity. Although Lady Macbeth one time jestingly remarked to her hubby â€Å"These workss must non be thought after these ways: so, it will do us mad.† ( II, Sc two, 32 ) , in world it is these workss which do finally take Lady Macbeth into the lunacy along with her hubby. Lady Macbeth is now get downing to alter from her controlled, quiet ego to a panic driven moonstruck. She begins to hallucinate like Macbeth did but alternatively sees blood upon her manus which she is unable to rinse off. â€Å"Yet here’s a spot.† ( V, Sc I, 30 ) Although Lady Macbeth is one time seen as a strong character, she becomes reduced to the point of embarrassment because of the scruples which she does possess within her. In fact, her scruples dramas such a great function within her that she finally kills herself because she is unable to free herself of the â€Å"damned spot.† ( V, Sc I, 34 ) Macbeth is a strong soldier who possesses a good scruples but loses it due to his married woman # 8217 ; s force per unit area. At the beginning of the drama, Macbeth is seen as # 8220 ; # 8230 ; weather Macbeth # 8221 ; ( I, sc three, 16 ) and # 8220 ; a worthy gentleman! # 8221 ; ( I, sc three, 24 ) However, the bravery and candidly which Macbeth possesses shortly becomes tarnished due to the blind followers of the enchantresss anticipations and his most celebrated mistake, aspiration. Macbeth # 8217 ; s funny nature leads him to the enchantresss which present him with two unusual prophesies ; one of them is Macbeth being named male monarch. As a consequence, the enchantresss have planted a seed within Macbeth # 8217 ; s head which he subsequently takes action upon. After returning place from the conflict with Norway, Lady Macbeth wastes no clip pressing Macbeth to kill Duncan and take the throne. # 8220 ; Oh neer shall sun that morrow see! # 8221 ; ( I, sc six, 61 ) Alth ough Macbeth # 8217 ; s aspiration for the throne is far less than his married woman at this point in the drama, he still has a strong scruples. This is apparent by his hallucinations of the sticker # 8220 ; Is this a sticker I see before me # 8230 ; I have thee non yet I see thee still # 8221 ; ( II, Sc I, 33-35 ) and subsequently the shade of Banquo. Even after he kills Duncan, his scruples makes him go highly paranoid. # 8220 ; Whence is that strike harding? How is # 8217 ; T with me, when every noise appalls me? # 8221 ; ( II, Sc three, 56-57 ) This is the first measure of Macbeth # 8217 ; s turning into a monster. After merely one slaying, Macbeth wastes no clip or thought in killing others to do certain his evil title stays secret. His actions take a bend for the worst when he spontaneously stabs the guards who were the # 8220 ; liquidators # 8221 ; of Macbeth and even sinks every bit low as to kill the guiltless household of Macduff, whom Macbeth sees as a menace. Macbeth even kills his best friends Banquo because he fears that Banquo # 8217 ; s kids will go male monarchs of Scotland as the enchantresss prophesied. All of these actions which Macbeth undertakes demo his insecurity which has now become present within him. As the drama progresses, Macbeth continues to gyrate down into the hole of immorality until the terminal of the drama. At this point he remarks to himself # 8220 ; . . .and that which should attach to old age, as award, love, obeisance, military personnels of friends. . . # 8221 ; ( V, Sc three, 24-25 ) bespeaking he wishes for a normal life where he could populate to his age with award and self-respect. However, because of all the yesteryear wickednesss which he has committed he will be unable to make so. Even when he hears of his married woman # 8217 ; s self-destruction, Macbeth remarks, # 8220 ; she should # 8217 ; ve died hereafter. # 8221 ; ( V, Sc V, 17 ) Macbeth # 8217 ; s character is seen to be really strong physically yet highly weak mentally, this is the failing which causes his ruin. In add-on to his head, it is his ceaseless aspiration and his blind trust of the enchantresss prophesies which finally change Macbeth from what he one time was to the monster he had become. Over the entireness of the drama the alterations in ethical motives, personality, and assurance within Macbeth and Lady Macbeth can clearly be seen as a consequence of their aspiration for the Crown of Scotland. Lady Macbeth, foremost presented as strong and able to perpetrate slaying, finally went insane due to her guilty scruples and killed herself. Macbeth on the other manus, went from a sincere, painstaking individual into a maniacal monster which no 1 could command. Thus they good merit the rubric Malcolm appoints them at the terminal of the drama: # 8220 ; the dead meatman and his fiend-like queen. # 8221 ; ( V, Sc eight, 69 )

Effect of Technology on Cancer Research

Effect of Technology on Cancer Research Free Online Research Papers When diagnosed with any form of cancer, the worst fear is death due to this horrible disease. Knowing the alternatives in treatment and that discussing these can lead to a strong bond and a fighting chance for the sufferer. Eventhough surgery and radiation are options; other treatments that technology has helped develop for the fight against cancer. These choices are chemotherapy, and immuno/vaccine therapy. Many people diagnosed receive chemotherapy. Drugs are given to fight off cancer and completely kill the cancer cells. During chemotherapy a patient can lose hair as the drugs given affect the fast-growing cells in which is hard to distinguish between the cancer cells or hair follicle. Drugs are also prescribed for the slow-growing cells. Each prescription has a different job and specific time in the life of the cell it targets. Side effects can include low red and white blood cell count, low platelet count, nausea, vomiting, hair loss and fatigue. Although the side effects have become minimal due to advances, and research in the development of the drugs. (AMGEN, 2008) Radiation therapy which is called ionizing radiation is used to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. The three types of Radiation Therapy are external radiation, internal therapy, and systemic therapy. For the external therapy x-rays or gamma rays, particle beams, and proton beams are used for treatment. Internal radiation uses stereostactic radio surgery and radiotherapy, high-energy photon radiation, gamma knife and heavy charged particle beams. Treatment depends on the form and spots where the cancer is found, how much is needed, the health and medical history of the patient. The following are being studied to improve external therapy: 3-D conformal radiation therapy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) along with hyperthermia. (National Cancer Institute, 2004) According to Park (2001) Immuno/vaccine protects against a variety of diseases. This seems to be offering promises as a new phase in cancer treatment although Immuno/Vaccine is still in the young research era. Immuno therapies are involving from certain proteins and white blood cells have now become part of standard cancer treatment. Vaccines have updated the public health. It has been harder to develop vaccines to treat or prevent cancer in patients. Attempts to develop these vaccines have yet to yield proven results, although there has been growing interest created by advances in the areas of immunology and cancer biology. These vaccines have been shown to be capable of improving the immune response against particular antigens. As stated by Park (2001) Idiotype vaccines have been on trial and have been proven to have benefits in some lymphoma patients. In malignant melanoma and was found to stimulate the immune response against the cancer. Having lived with a family member whom was diagnosed and suffered from cancer but lost the battle has made our family research and prays for a cure. With love, understanding and treatments her life was extended. In researching and allowing her to choose her course of treatment with the aide of her doctors. All was aided with the technological advances in chemotherapy, radiation therapy and immuno/vaccine therapy. Baby steps in technology gains the larger steps in the battle. ? References AMGEN. (2008). Easing the Chemotherapy Journey. Retrieved July 28, 2008, from Chemotherapy.com: chemotherapy.com/treating_with_chemo/treating_with_chemo.jsp National Cancer Institute. (2004, August 25). Therapy/Radiation. Retrieved July 28, 2008, from National Cancer Institute: cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet Park, John M., (2001). Immunotherapy Cancer Treatment, Retrieved July 28, 2008, from Cancer Supportive Care Programs: cancersupportivecare.com/immunotherapy.html Research Papers on Effect of Technology on Cancer ResearchGenetic EngineeringThree Concepts of PsychodynamicArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Capital PunishmentMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductPETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesThe Fifth HorsemanBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm X

Free High School Science Fair Projects

Free High School Science Fair Projects It can be a challenge to come up with a science fair project idea. There is fierce competition to come up with the coolest idea, plus you need a topic that is considered appropriate for your educational level. Key Takeaways: High School Science Fair Project Ideas For a high school project, students typically select their own project idea, conduct the experiment, and report the results without much parent or teacher aid.Most high school projects are based on the scientific method. Its common to propose and test a hypothesis.Projects with real-world applications are particularly welcome. High school students can identify and solve problems in their own communities. Problems may include topics such as resource availability, resource cost or efficiency, waste management, or data collection. These science fair project ideas are arranged by topic, but you might like to take a look at ideas according to education level, too. Lead test kits are available at home supply stores. Are common products truly lead-free? Items to test might include toys, jewelry, craft supplies, or cosmetics.Carbon monoxide detectors are also readily available. Test student homes for carbon monoxide (most often produced when homes are being heated) and propose ways to reduce levels. Another option is to test different parts of the school!Identify common household products that pose a risk to the environment.Which type of light bulb is the best in terms of cost? Which is the most friendly to the environment?Are night insects attracted to lamps because of heat or light?Can you identify any natural mosquito repellents?Does magnetism affect the growth of plants?Does storage temperature affect the pH of juice?Does the presence of cigarette smoke affect the growth rate of plants?Does eating breakfast have an effect on school performance? Does it matter what you eat?Do the same types of mold grow on all types of bread?Does light affect the rate at which foods spoil? Do foods containing preservatives stay fresh longer than foods without them?How does time or season of harvest affect the chemistry and nutritional content of food?How long do home hair coloring products hold their color? Does brand matter? Does type of hair affect colorfastness? How does previous treatment (perming, previous coloring, straightening) affect initial color intensity and colorfastness?Do all dishwashing detergents produce the same amount of bubbles? Clean the same number of dishes?Is the nutritional content of different brands of a vegetable (e.g., canned peas) the same?How permanent are permanent markers?Do plant-based insect repellents work as well as synthesized chemical repellents?What are some natural ways to color food?Is laundry detergent as effective if you use less than the recommended amount? More?Is bottled water more pure than tap water?What type of invisible ink is the most invisible?How does the pH of juice change with time?Do all hairsprays hold equally w ell? Equally long? Does type of hair affect the results? How does the rate of evaporation of the crystal-growing medium affect the final size of the crystals?You will usually heat water or another liquid to dissolve a solid to grow your crystals. Does the rate at which this liquid is cooled affect the way the crystals grow?What effect do additives have on the crystals?How do different fertilizers affect the way plants grow?What chemical is best at melting ice from a walkway or road?Does using colored mulch have an effect on a plant?How do different factors affect seed germination? Factors that you could test include the intensity, duration, or type of light, the temperature, the amount of water, the presence/absence of certain chemicals, or the presence/absence of soil. You can look at the percentage of seeds that germinate or the rate at which seeds germinate.How are plants affected by the distance between them?How heavy is the average backpack at school when a student brings it in?How do various chemical treatments affect seed germinatio n rates? What conditions affect the ripening of fruit?How much of your household waste can you turn into compost?What type of shoe sole get best traction? Is more slippery?How are different soils affected by erosion?Do people who exercise a lot eat the same number of calories as those who exercise less?

The Impact of the Shortage of Affordable Housing on Homelessness Essay

The Impact of the Shortage of Affordable Housing on Homelessness - Essay Example Of this goes up housing is considered expensive and creates problems hardships for the family or individual. Affordable housing can be defined as a housing scheme which costs a household a maximum 30% of their incomes. If the cost of housing increases beyond 30% then the families are considered to be in a position where they have difficulty in affording all the basic necessities of life which includes food, shelter, medical care and transport facilities. In the United States, a number as large as 2 million are burdened with basic necessities of life as they are paying more than 50% for their housing cost out of their annual salary. This is to say that a household with one bread owner who earns a minimum wage can in n o way afford a two bedroom house/apartment in accordance with the prices prevailing in the market. (Development, 2008 ) Intermediate housing is that kind of housing in which the rent paid by the tenant is lower than the market price but it is higher than the social rent. It does not include low cost market housing but shared equity products in addition to intermediate rent are included. Over the years, the budget of the US Housing Urban Development (HUD) has decreased by a substantial amount. From $83 billion in 1976 it dropped to around $ 18 billion in 1983 and has been around $30 billion ever since. There were around 400,000 affordable housing units in 1976 and by 2002 only 25,900 were left. Still the HID added only a mere 7,635. This is very less with respect to the demand and over the years the number of households or people in need for affordable housing have increased rather than decreased. (Council, 2007) More than 60% of extremely low-income households spend more than 30% of their income on housing - exceeding HUD's affordability standard. (Without Housing: Decades of Federal Housing Cutbacks Massive Homelessness and Policy Failures.) According to HUD standards, housing that costs half or more of household income is severely unaffordable or "a severe cost burden." (Development U. D., 2003) The cost of renting a house is beyond the financial capacity of a lot of people in United States today. As the income remains constant, the housing rents have shot up. Hence there is a big gap between increase in spending and more or less no significant increase in the amount of money earned by individuals making it more difficult for the low income brackets to afford a house on a rental basis. Shortage of affordable housing increased to a great extent the risk of homelessness. Some of the policies on affordable housing include the local authorities should in advance plan out the housing needs of their community or jurisdiction including those who cannot afford it easily. A community should be planned in such a way that it should have a mix of housing which accommodates those who can afford bid houses as well as those sectors who need affordable prices. Regional Planning Guidance for Yorkshire and the Humber to 2016 (RPG12) outlines its approach to affordable housing in Policy H4 Housing Size, Type and Affordability. The policy requires targets for the provision of affordable housing in each district to be informed by evidence from local

Self-Assessment reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Self-Assessment reflection - Essay Example I highly value an opportunity for independent thought or action and moderately consider frequent raises in pay. Moreover, I attach little significance in developing close friendship at work. Notably, these aspects would enhance my intensity, direction, and persistence towards attaining a organizational goal. In considering my dominant needs, my scores for the need for achievement were 19, for affiliation were 14, for autonomy were 20, and for power were 18. Notably, my dominant needs relate to the McClelland's Theory of Needs, which recognizes the need for achievement, and the need for power. However, I negate the need for affiliation. More so, I do my best at work, where I rarely spend time interacting with people. I disregard supervision and enjoy leading a project in my work. This relates to the expectancy theory, which asserts that efforts lead to successful performance and that we should reward successful performance. In analyzing the rewards that I value most, I have a score of 4 for good work, 4 for prestigious title, 3 for vacation time, 4 for job security, 3 for recognition, 5 for interesting work, 3 for pleasant conditions, 5 for advancement, 3 for flexible schedule, and 2 for friendly workers. In fact, recognition is the most powerful and least expensive workplace motivator. As such, I highly value, good pay, prestigious title, and job security. However, vacation time does not matter to me. Indeed, payment should correlate with performance. Indeed, I value piece-rate pay where get a fixed sum for each unit of production completed. In considering my view on the nature of people my Theory X- Theory-Y, orientation had a score of 25. I value people of theory Y who exercise self-direction and self-control if committed to objectives. Ideally, I disagree that the average human being requires direction and supervision and hence has no ambition. This represents people of theory X whom I must coerce or control to perform. I also disagree that everybody can acq uire leadership but agree that rewards motivate people to work. However, I am not sure whether fellow employees can influence me and whether individualism is more objective oriented than teamwork. Moreover, I agree that a good leader should give specific, detailed, and complete instructions in a work environment. Indeed, this relates to the Goal-Setting Theory, which asserts that the goals set by the leaders increase performance in an organization. In analyzing my willingness to delegate, I responded to 18 items and scored 52 points. Ideally, I disagree that delegating jobs leads to poor performance. Moreover, I do not supervise my subordinates in secrecy and wholly delegate all my jobs to the subordinates with an aim of reviewing the results. Nevertheless, it is not certain that I will get time to delegate properly. As such, according to my assessment results, a manager can achieve the greatest success in motivating me by satisfying my growth needs and creating an enabling environm ent for the development of new skills and knowledge at work. Moreover, the manager can successfully motivate me by giving me a good pay and offering me a chance to think and act independently. On the other hand, according to my assessments, I highly value rewards, which include good pay, prestigious title, and job security in my work. I also value an interesting work and chance to advance in my work.

The films “Saved Essay Example for Free

The films â€Å"Saved Essay Much ado has been said about religion and how diverse religious practices have been depicted in numerous films. Religion in America reflects no more than simple faith but dwells into the social structure and the meanings of faith in the midst of American culture and society. With film as medium of conveying messages, it is of no shallow signification why this form of art is to be examined in the light of religious portrayal in a number of Hollywood films. This essay shall review the films â€Å"Saved! † (2004), â€Å"Witness†(__), â€Å"The Apostle† (1997), â€Å"Scarlet Letter†(___) and â€Å"Smoke Signals† (1998) in terms of their accuracy and overall attitude towards religious persons and issues. Popular not merely for their cinematic value or production or array of big stars, these movies became controversial for varied social reactions, whether for laudable reason or hyper-critical conviction. â€Å"Witness†: The Struggle for Personal Convictions â€Å"Witness† tells of a modern-day police officer (John Book portrayed by Harrison Ford) who found refuge in the laid back and primitive Amish village in Lancaster County. Wanting to protect a young Amish boy (Samuel, played by Lucas Haas) who witnessed the killing of an undercover policeman in a subway station from the perpetrators, he finds himself immersing in the Amish way of life. He dresses â€Å"plainly†, milks cows, does carpentry, takes the horse-driven buggy, and later falls in love with the child’s mother (Rachel Lapp portrayed by Kelly McGillis). Later he finds out that the killing was brought about by the higher-ups in his department, he was chased and found. Finally, the movie ends with a resolution of the case. The movie was an insight into the remote Amish community focusing on human nature and how it relates to religion. A viewer may see the film on a cultural perspective with the struggle between the Amish-English identity and the multi-cultural facets and differences between the two worlds, with religion and love story only as undertones. However, a closer look would reveal that that so much of religious beliefs and subjects are embedded in the story. The movie opens with a funeral, emphasizing the Amish funeral rites. A person who has not seen the movie nor has any idea of what the movie was about would mistake the movie for a sixteenth century epic. Only later in the subway station scene would the viewer have an idea that the story was set in the 20th century. The juxtaposed modern-dressed passengers to that of the Amish mother and son emphasized the remoteness of the two cultures’ civilization, the Amish seemingly locked in a time space that was the 16th century. The Amish culture and religious practices were clearly identified in the film. Their struggle for â€Å"plainness†, of simple living was progressed in the story. There was the men’s usual trousers and coat with hooks and eyes rather than buttons, the bearded men with shaved upper lips, women dressing the same way with religious caps-these were how the typical Amish looked like. The Amish dressed the same way, believing that dressing the way they do maintains their plainness, the Amish’ guiding principle in their way of life. As the movie progresses, images of horse-driven chariots, the farming activities, the Pennsylvanian German language, the typical Amish houses made of wood with no electricity and television, the barnyards and the corn stocks, the horse-driven farm machines, the water-driven water supply are made evident and persistent in the Amish community. This is how the Amish community looked like and depicted the manner they survived and subsisted while living a wayward life amongst 20th century modernity on its outskirts. The Amish lived a peaceful, contented life in a well-knit community where everyone knew each other and everyone was willing to lend a hand. The religious themes were clearly drawn as well. The gun played an important signification of the Amish-way versus that of the English. To the Amish, the gun was a symbol of immorality. Focus was had in this aspect such that when Samuel sees Book’s gun, Rachel and Eli (Samuel’s grandfather played by Jan Rubes) react in a rather hostile manner: Rachel tells Book that if he should stay he should respect the Amish ways, and Eli renders a heart-to-heart talk with Samuel telling him that â€Å"guns are for the taking of life and outsiders who contend that killing is necessary do not consider the alternatives:† and that by being violent, he â€Å"becomes one of them† referring to the killers in the subway station. Although Book respects their views, he does not necessarily succumb to it. He believed that his gun was necessary to protect himself and others against bad people. The Amish were peaceful people. They do not fall for man’s vices such as hatred and violence. In a scene where an Amish group was being bullied by a group of Englishmen, they were seen unyielding to anger and retaliation, a reaction normal to an English such as Book, an offense he would not let pass. Even jealousy (between Book and another Amish man attracted to Rachel) was not an issue. The film effectively showed the Amish people’s devotion to how they believe God wants them to live their lives. Modern life, as reflected by Book, on the other hand, portrayed loneliness, remoteness and complexity. In a man-eat-man world, Book was a reflection of a typical culture way beyond the Amish ideology. In one frame, one killer policeman was seen washing his hands after killing his victim in the subway bathroom. Relevant to Catholic religion, the washing of the hand signified an attempt to cleanse oneself of sins. This was an irony in the film.

Free Essays: A Mapmaker’s Dream :: mapmaker

  16th Century Map of the World   In James Cowan’s â€Å"A Mapmaker’s Dream,† a 16th century roman monk vicariously travels the world without actually leaving the confines of his monastery.   The monk, named Fra Mauro, learns of the world through stories told by a variety of travelers.   With his newly acquired perception of the world, Fra sets out to chart the lands that were, at that time, still being discovered.   From these stories, Fra’s â€Å"perfect map,† or mappi mundi as he called it, would be constructed.   In this process, the boundaries of Fra’s world would be pushed to the limit.   Being celibate from exposure to the world around him, Fra spread word that he would be building a map of the new world.   Quick response from seasoned explorers from all corners of the world would soon become available to him as many travelers would readily unburden themselves of the new and strange things they saw.   These stories of the uncharted lands were told by a variety of people.   With vivid descriptions of the people visiting him, Fra helps to put an excellent image of his visitors into the reader’s head.   He describes one sailor as still having sea salt hanging in his beard, while describing a merchant as bone-weary and dusty from his merchant’s trail.   The stories he learns from these men also paint a great mental image as to what Fra is thinking and feeling.   From these rendezvous with travelers, the beginning of a geographical map is built, but unlike the conventional mapmakers of the time, Fra was not only interested in the shape of lands and waters, but also in the feeling these places created in the storyteller.   Other than mountains, canals, and valleys, Fra Mauro learns about the culture, peculiarities, and feelings of the locations that the travelers visited.   Though his sources are not of highest reliability, they are reflective of the perception of a typical 16th century person.   Two of his most interesting stories are the story of the essence of the mummy princess that he discusses with the scholar and the tale of the one-eyed, one-armed Cyclopedes that he learns from the Franciscan monk.   Fra also delves into the renaissance occurring between these same European countries and what is today the Americas.   This is how Fra Mauro’s perception of the world was built – through second hand stories told to him.

Group Research Paper- Online Platforms Essay

According to Thompson virtual team is any task-focused group that meets without all members necessarily being physically present or working at the same time (Thompson, 2011 p.). According to the article, The Knowledge Advantage of Virtual Teams Processes Supporting Knowledge Synergy, it has been previously argued that virtual teams emerged as a new organizational form of ‘working together apart’. However, their novelty has been attributed to the use of technologically advanced communications rather than to their organizational properties (Ratcheva, 2008). Therefore, we can see the importance of having a good platform the Ford Company Virtual Team Communication. As a team, we review five online platforms of our choice that we believed could be used for Ford Company virtual team to communicate with their worldwide divisions. The team came together and created a grading platform based on the following six criteria: Technology Features Offered, Design and Customization, Security and Access for (Global/Region Capabilities), Viewing and Moving Content, Accessibility and User Friendly. Each criterion was out of five points for a total of 30 possible points. I believe that Ford Company should use the platform because the team considers all possible features when creating the grading platform. We review and discuss what features would be needed in order for a global team to function virtually without any difficulty. The following are the advantages and disadvantages of each of the online platforms that could be used by the virtual team and the team rating of each platform and the reasons for the ratings. Microsoft Outlook According to the official sites of Microsoft, Outlook is a personal information managers and the software is available as a part of the Microsoft Office. The software is used as an email application. It includes a calendar, task manager, contact manager, note taking, a journal, and web browsing (Microsoft Corporation.com/ Outlook). The article, Information overload, explains that Outlook does have powerful features, such as sharing of workgroup calendars, and as it is the standard, you will find add-on programs like NEO a brilliant application that organizes Outlook mailboxes the way they should have been by Microsoft, and makes searching so much easier. However, the article explains that Outlook can also be hazardous for your data because the PST files into which Outlook bundles email, appointments and contacts will corrupt once they grow beyond 2GB. The article explain that it can be repair, but you will lose at least some and if you are unlucky, all of your data. Therefore, Outloo k has it advantages and disadvantages. The Team rate outlook as the least favorite and it received an 18 out of 30 because Microsoft Outlook is great for email, calendar events, and sending documents. There is no chat feature or face-to-face option and it may be hazardous for your data. Since, Ford Motor Company need this platform for it virtual team to communicate with their worldwide divisions the team will need to used some time of chat, face-to-face options therefore Outlook is not the right choice for the company. Facebook According to the official website of Facebook, the company mission is to make the world more open and connected. In addition, the site explain that people use Facebook to stay connected with friends and family, to discover what’s going on in the world, and to share and express what matters to them (Facebook Newsroom Key-Fats, 2013). Facebook Platform enables developers to build social apps that enable people to connect with their friends, whether it is through playing a game, watching a movie, sharing their favorite restaurant, or listening to a song (Facebook Newsroom Platform, 2013). Based on the Team grading platform Facebook received an overall 19 out of 30. The Team found that Facebook is great for communication and maybe sharing documents but the site is not built for professional communication since there seems to always be hackers breaking into the system. Therefore, the team feels that for business communication Facebook cannot be trusted. According to the article, Contextual gaps: privacy issues on Facebook, Facebook present significant privacy issues for their users, the article analyze two of Facebooks’s features, Applications and News Feed Offline, it was found that contextual gaps are at the root of many of the sites’ privacy issues. In addition, the article explains that the application, which nearly invisibly shares not just a users’, but also a user’s friends’ information with third parties, clearly violates standard norms of information flow. Furthermore, the article concluded by saying that many of the privacy issues on Facebook are primarily design issues, which could be ameliorated by a n interface that made the flows of information more transparent to users (Hull, Lipford & Latulipe, 2011). Additionally, this article tiles, Facebook & Your Privacy. (cover story) explains that â€Å"Facebook collects and shares data in ways that the consumer is often unaware, such as third-party applications, links from other web resources, and facial recognition software for shared photographs. Threats posed by Facebook use include threats and harassment by other users, hacking, and monitoring of personal data by employers, college admissions, or insurers† ( 2012). Therefore, the team concluded that Facebook was not a viable option for Ford Motor Company team communication platform. LinkedIn According to the official’s sites of LinkedIn, LinkedIn is the social network for work professionals created by Reid Hoffman in 2002 and currently the network has about 161 million professionals worldwide. In addition, when individuals joined LinkedIn, they get access to people, jobs, news, updates, and insights that help them be great at what you do (LinkedIn about us, 2013). Based on the Team grading platform LinkedIn received an overall 22 out of 30. The reason for this is because LinkedIn is mostly for Job seekers and to connect with other professionals. According to this article, LinkedIn Corporation, The firm operates an online professional network designed to help members find jobs, connect with other professionals, and locate business opportunities (LinkedIn Corporation). Therefore, it does not have all the necessary tools needed for Ford Motor Company team communication. Microsoft SharePoint According to the article, Enhancing Project Management with Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007, Microsoft SharePoint is a technology platform that can be configured and customized to play a number of roles in an organization. The advantages of this platform are numerous because the software provides an environment for project management since a project manager can use the software to manage his team collaboration, control project documents, structure project workflow, manage risks, track project’s progress, or share information with the stakeholders (2010). In addition, as a company grows so does the amount documents the company has, therefore, it become difficult to keep track of the increase documents and their locations. SharePoint defeat this by allowing users to store and share files in a central site. The team rating of Microsoft SharePoint was 25 out of 30 it was the second favorite because of all the features it has. However, it true the software allows users to share documents but there is no interactive feature. Furthermore, the article The Disadvantages of Microsoft SharePoint 2007 as a Document Management System, explains, that â€Å"One of the key features most DMS/CMS systems offer are document level options like redaction and document mark-ups. SharePoint does not provide this functionality as it relies on its Microsoft Office suite for document manipulation† (Steward, 2008). Therefore, we can conclude that some of the key features needed for virtual communication is missing from this platform. Google According to the article, Datamonitor: Google Inc., Google has a wide portfolio of offerings, The company currently offers include search, operating systems and platforms, and enterprise products. It maintains a vast index of websites and other online content, and makes it available through Google.com, the company’s search engine, to anyone with an internet connection. In addition, the company’s application tools allow users to create, share, and communicate user-generated information. Some of Google’s applications products include Google Docs, Google Calendar, Gmail, Google Groups, Google Reader, Orkut, Blogger, Google Sites, and YouTube (2011). Furthermore, the article title, Google Voice, talks about a new software release in 2011 call Google Voice. This device is a hybrid phone/internet service. The article explains that what makes Google Voice worthwhile are all of the extra features namely voice mail, free SMS, free calls to anywhere in the U.S., cheap international calls, custom greetings, conference calling, call history, voice transcription to text, email and SMS notifications, the ability to hear who is calling before you pick up, the ability to block unwanted calls, the ability to record phone calls and store them online, the ability to forward, embed, or download voice mails, and the fact that all of these features are managed through an intuitive, centralized interface styled after Gmail that can be accessed from any computer, any telephone, or any mobile browser (Johnson, 2010). Therefore, the team gave Google 27 out of 30 because Google has a lot of features, the email platform has chat capabilities, share documents, photos, and videos, and requests via calendar. In addition, Google + feature allow video chat, and they all are available on mobile, PC, or tablet. That is the reasons that Google received the highest rating out of the five platforms, because it offers every features a virtual team possibly need. Conclusion Having a good platform for the Ford Company virtual team is very important in order the virtual team to succeed. Therefore, Group 1 has come up with a grading criterion that take under consideration all the features needed for a virtual team to success when it comes to a communication platforms. The group did a throughout evaluation of what is needed when communicating virtually and comes up with five platforms. Then each platforms went through a completely evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages. After a complete evaluation Google platform were found to be the best because of all the features it offer to it customer when it come to virtual communication.

Deadly Feasts

Erica Dunyon Directed Readings Deadly Feasts by Richard Rhodes I have to admit, on the opening scene I was really skeptical about reading this book. I really have always hated the idea of cannibalism, so when I was reading and imagining this, in my mind one word came to my attention, â€Å"Disgusting! † Progression into the book, however, received my attention, and I continued forward. I enjoyed reading this book. It was very informative, easy to understand, and easy to read. I learned about various prion diseases and their effect on each species they infect.Deadly Feasts is about spongiform encephalopathies including Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Scrapies, Rida, Kuru, and mad cow disease. This book explains the relationships each spongiform disease has in common with each other, as well as their signs and symptoms. Mad cow disease and scrapies are quite similar to each other, and was endemic in Britain when this book was published. Another rare disease occurring in humans known as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease has then been related to mad cow disease. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is one in which eats human brains. Kuru is thought to be another spongiform disease.Kuru was thought to be a result of sorcery. Initially when this disease was discovered, the belief was leaning toward this disease taking on a genetically transmissible role. After much research, it is known that it is a transmissible disease spread by the consumption of infected flesh. The extremely unusual thing about kuru, along with other spongiform encephalopathies, is that it lacks the presence of inflammation. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are also known as prion diseases. The infectious microbe in TSEs is a specific protein called prion protein.These prion proteins and proteins of the brain are extremely similar. This may be the reason these proteins are not detected by the immune system which is why they do not cause inflammation. These diseases are unique because they are impo ssible to kill. They have been exposed to virtually everything including, extreme temperatures and radiation, and still have the ability to infect and cause disease. Gajdusek believed that transmission of these spongiform encephalopathies was in the form of protein in diseased dead animals, including sheep and cattle that were fed to other cattle.Rhodes refers to a concept known as industrial cannibalism. This means that the supplements were made from dead cows. Despite the fact that cattle were coming down with a disease that decreases the cow population, supplements were still made with the remaining’s of diseased cattle and fed to other cattle. Transmission of this disease can occur months or even up to decades because the disease can incubate for the allotted time. Britain was responsible for the initiation of research in this epidemic group of diseases. Britain did not inform the public in regards to this disease.They also bought diseased animals for half of the market v alue. The British government banned individuals from feeding animal waste to other animals, in 1989 to limit the spread of these diseases. In addition to limitting the transmission of these diseases, as a safety measure, the FDA prevented industries from feeding cattle protein from dead sheep, cattle, and other susceptible diseased animals. Europe still has increasing cases of the disease, which it infects many various herds and species of animals, supporting that the epidemic disease is able to spread across the species barrier The British government, by making the wrong public health choices, has conducted a frightening natural experiment, allowing a lethal disease agent to spread through the human food supply, exposing the entire British population. † (Rhodes 97) America is trying to prevent the spread of spongiform disease transmission from Britain to the U. S. by manufacturing our own beef and meat products. Unfortunately, it would not be known if the disease has affected our population until it is a point when it might be too late. TSE’s are essentially unidentifiable until they progress to the point of brain damage. † (Rhodes 97) Spongiform diseases are still a known problem in the world, and the protection we give ourselves, or lack of protection is an issue brought up by Rhodes. Rhodes refers that spongiform diseases might be Britain's †new Black Death. † He states that the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are public health problems and not only clinical. Transmission is controlled by actions of both social and institutional aspects.The term the â€Å"new Black Death† refers to the ease of the transmission of the disease. If the plan for eradication is not carefully planned and executed, transmissible spongiform encephalopathies can be a serious epidemically known disease that can cause many deaths. In conclusion, I recommend Deadly Feasts to all individuals, not necessarily limited to only those interest ed in microbiology. This book gives insight on a former, and always possible, group of diseases that can become epidemic at any time. I believe knowledge is power, so knowing about these diseases only contributes to public safety.

Initialisms and Acronyms

Initialisms and Acronyms Initialisms and Acronyms Initialisms and Acronyms By Mark Nichol Most people know what an acronym is. But few are as familiar with term initialism, or of an important distinction between the two. An acronym is an initial abbreviation that can be pronounced as a word, such as NASA or WASP. This term is also used to refer to a series of initials pronounced individually, such as FBI or TGIF, but the technical term is initialism. What’s the BFD (â€Å"big, fat deal,† though another word starting with f is sometimes used)? The answer is the. Because acronyms like NASA are pronounced as words (â€Å"na-suh,† in this case), there’s no need to precede them with the definite article: You wouldn’t write â€Å"Budget cutbacks hit the NASA hard.† (Though the is essential if NASA is used as an adjective, as in â€Å"Budget cutbacks hit the NASA project hard.†) But initialisms require the: â€Å"The FBI announced his capture several hours later.† That’s because the term is pronounced letter by letter: â€Å"eff-bee-eye.† (The only usage that omits the definite article is in a headline: â€Å"FBI Announces Suspect’s Capture.†) And when do you use an acronym or an initialism, when do you spell it out, and when do you do both? In more formal writing, the standard approach is to introduce an agency, organization, or some other entity that uses such an abbreviation, or abbreviations of terminology, by spelling out the name on first reference. If a subsequent reference (called, in publishing, the second reference, no matter how many times it is repeated) appears in proximity say, the same paragraph and few, if any, other abbreviations appear in the interim, simply use the abbreviation thereafter. However, if the next usage is farther away, it’s best to insert the abbreviation in parentheses immediately after the spelled-out reference to establish an association in the reader’s mind when it’s not supported by proximal use of the abbreviation. If the abbreviation is not mentioned again for some time, or it appears only up to a handful of times, spelling it out again (perhaps every time) is a good idea. Depending on the term and the publication, however, the hand-holding parenthesis may be unnecessary. Many specialized publishers maintain a list of abbreviations familiar to readers of their publications that specifies whether each one requires abbreviation accompanying the spelled-out first reference, or needs to be spelled out at all. For example, an astronomy magazine is likely to note in its house style guide that NASA does not need to be spelled out, and many other publications do likewise because of the familiarity of the agency’s name in our society. By contrast, less common abbreviations like OEM (original equipment manufacturer) should be spelled out except in a manufacturing-industry publication. As with many usage prescriptions, it’s all about the context. Oh, and one more point, so to speak: Notice that no acronym or initialism in this post includes periods. They’re generally considered outdated and superfluous. Even two-letter forms like AM and PM, MD and RN, and BC and AD go without, though US stubbornly retains them in many publications. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Greek Words You Should Know8 Proofreading Tips And Techniques5 Ways to Reduce Use of Prepositions

25+ TERRIFIC Repetition Examples in Literature

25+ TERRIFIC Repetition Examples in Literature 25+ TERRIFIC Repetition Examples in Literature Editing 101 will always tell you the same thing: avoid repetition in your writing. But make no mistake, repetition isn’t a pariah in   the world of prose! In fact, when executed with finesse, it can make a piece of writing all the more compelling.This post will take you through the basics of repetition. And because the best way to understand a literary device is to see it in skilled action, we’ll also cover 30 remarkable examples of repetition in literature. (To skip past the next section where we define repetition, you can jump straight to those examples!)Repetition definitionRepetition is the act of repeating sounds, words, phrases, or full sentences. As a literary device, it’s used to stress key points, or to achieve a certain rhythm, tone, or style of prose - which is why you’ll often find it in poetry.However, while it can be used to highlight important details or enhance rhythm, repetition needs to be done with care. If you accidentally repeat wor ds or re-state the same information for readers over and over (and over) again, it can become jarring. For instance, if you’ve already told readers that a character has an unusual beauty mark on their shoulder, mention it once and leave it at that. Hearing about the beauty mark every time that character is in a scene is tiring. If it’s crucial to bring it up more than once, find new and interesting ways of bringing attention to it - instead of just stating its existence, maybe you can have another character comment on it.If you’re going to repeat a word, phrase, or idea, it needs to have a purpose. Pinpoint exactly why it needs to be said again - or if there’s another way you present it that adds more to the narrative.To   figure out the right way to use this literary device, you first have to learn the different types of repetition. Learn more about how Reedsy can help you craft a beautiful book.Types of repetitionDid you know that there are at least 15 main types of repetition? They fall into two categories: words and sounds. Let’s start with...Repetition of Words1. Anadiplosis The last word of a clause or sentence is repeated as the first word of the next one.Example: "Fear leads to anger; anger leads to hatred; hatred leads to conflict; conflict leads to suffering." - Yoda, in Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace.2. Anaphora The word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences is repeated.Example: â€Å"It rained on his lousy tombstone, and it rained on the grass on his stomach. It rained all over the place.† - The Catcher in the Rye by JD Salinger3. Antistasis The repetition of words or phrases in different or contrary senses.Example: â€Å"We must, indeed, all hang together or, most assuredly, we shall all hang separately.†   - Benjamin Franklin4. Conduplicatio The frequent repetition of a word or phrase within a paragraph, in order to expand upon its meaning.Example: â€Å"Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God's children." - Martin Luther King, Jr.5. Diacope The repetition of words separated be additional words, which alter their meaning.Example: â€Å"We few, we happy few, we band of brothers.† - Henry V by Shakespeare6. Epanalepsis The word both at the beginning and at the end of the clause or sentence is repeated.Example: â€Å"Next time there won't be a next time.† - Phil Leotardo, in The Sopranos7. Epimone The word or phrase is repeated to place emphasis on its meaning.Example: â€Å"Mr. Dick shook his head, as utterly renouncing the suggestion; and having replied a great many times, and with great confidence, ‘No beggar, no beggar, no beggar, Sir!’† - David Copperfield by Charles Dickens (Are you a Dickens fan? Read up on 15 of his classics novels in our guide to Dickens!)8. Epiphora The repetition of a word or phrase at the end of a series of clauses or sentences.Example: If you did know to whom I gave the ring, If you did know for whom I gave the ring And would conceive for what I gave the ring And how unwillingly I left the ring, When naught would be accepted but the ring, You would abate the strength of your displeasure. - The Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare9. Epizeuxis The successive repetition of a word or phrase within one clause or sentence.Example: â€Å"The horror, the horror.† - Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad10. Negative-Positive Restatement An idea or phrase is presented in negative terms, and then repeated in positive terms.Example: â€Å"The tragedy of old age is not that one is old, but that one is young.† - The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde11. Polyptoton The same root word is repeated in different forms.Example: â€Å"Today you are You, that is truer than true. There is no one alive who is Youer than You.† - Happy Birthday to You! by Dr. Seuss12. Symploce The repetition of a word or phrase both at the end and at the beginning of a clause or sentence. (In other words, a combination of   anaphora and epiphora.)Example: "The yellow fog that rubs its back upon the window-panes, The yellow smoke that rubs its muzzle on the window-panes†¦Ã¢â‚¬  - â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† by  T.S. EliotSound RepetitionDo you hear that? Is it bat, a rat, or a gnat? And speaking of sounds that repeat themselves, let’s take a look at...13. Alliteration The successive repetition of consonant sounds in the stressed part of a word.Example: â€Å"She sells seashells by the sea-shore.†14. Assonance The vowel sounds are repeated.Example: â€Å""Hear the mellow wedding bells†¦Ã¢â‚¬  - â€Å"The Bells† by  Edgar Allan Poe15. Consonance The repetition of consonant sounds in successive or closely connected words. The difference between consonance and alliteration is that alliteration is at the beginning of the word (so â€Å"Peter Piper†), but consonance can be anywhere in the word.Example: I'll swing by my ankles. She'll cling to your knees. As you hang by your nose, From a high-up trapeze. But just one thing, please, As we float through the breeze, Don't sneeze. - â€Å"The Acrobats† by Shel SilversteinOkay, now that we’ve gotten seamlessly up to speed (pardon the alliteration), on the different types of repetition, let’s look at some exemplary examples from literature (pardon the polyptoton).Repetition examples in literatureLet’s turn this section into a little quiz. Try to guess what kind of repetition each quote is using as you read through - the answers will be provided at the bottom!Example #1:  The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy by  Douglas Adams"Space is big. You just won't believe how vastly, hugely, mind-bogglingly big it is. I mean, you may think it's a long way down the road to the chemist's, but that's just peanuts to space."Example #2:  The Innocents Abroad by  Mark Twain"They are not paid for thinkingthey are not paid to fret about the world's concerns. They were not respectable peoplethey were not worthy peoplethey were not learned and wise and brilliant peoplebut in their breasts, all their stupid lives long, resteth a peace that passeth understanding!"Example #3: Deep River by  Shusaku Endoâ€Å"Hatred was spreading everywhere, blood was being spilled everywhere, wars were breaking out everywhere.†Example #4:  A Tale of Two Cities by  Charles Dickensâ€Å"It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way- in short, the period was so far like the present period, that some of its noisiest authorities insisted on its being received, for good or for evil, in the superlative degree of comparison only.†Example #5:  Beloved by  Toni Morrisonâ€Å"Beloved is mine; she is B eloved.†Example #6:  Lolita by Vladimir Nabokovâ€Å"What I present here is what I remember of the letter, and what I remember of the letter I remember verbatim (including that awful French).†Example #7:  Outer Dark by Cormac McCarthyâ€Å"And stepping softly with her air of blooded ruin about the glade in a frail agony of grace she trailed her rags through dust and ashes†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Answers:  a) Epimone; b) Symploce; c) Epistrophe; d) Anaphora; e) Epanalepsis; f) Anadiplosis; g) AssonanceExamples of repetition in poetryRepetition is especially prevalent in poetry, as it can help achieve a certain resonance with readers. Again, read through the following examples of poetic repetition and guess what type each uses.Example #1: "Stopping by Woods On a Snowy Evening" by Robert Frostâ€Å"The woods are lovely, dark, and deep, But I have promises to keep, And miles to go before I sleep, And miles to go before I sleep.†Example #2: "Do Not Go Gentle into the Good Night" by Dylan Thomasâ€Å"Do not go gentle into that good night, Old age should burn and rave at close of day; Rage, rage, against the dying of the light. Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight, Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay, Rage, rage against the dying of the light.†Example #3: â€Å"Annabel Lee† by Edgar Allen Poeâ€Å"It was many and many a year ago, In a kingdom by the sea, That a maiden there lived whom you may know By the name of Annabel Lee; And this maiden she lived with no other thought Than to love and be loved by me.†Example #4: "Song of Myself, 3" by Walt Whitmanâ€Å"There was never any more inception than there is now, Nor any more youth or age than there is now, And will never be any more perfection than there is now, Nor any more heaven or hell than there is now.†Example #5: "A Child is Born" by Stephen Vincent Benetâ€Å"Life is not lost by dying! Life is lost Minute by minute, day by dragging day, In all the thousand, small uncaring ways.†Example #6: "The Gnome, The Gnat, The Gnu" by Shel Silverstein"I saw an ol' gnome Take a gknock at a gnat Who was gnibbling the gnose of his gnu. I said, "Gnasty gnome, Gnow, stop doing that."Example #7: "Coda" by Dorothy Parkerâ€Å"There’s little in taking or giving, There’s little in water or wine; This living, this living, this living Was never a project of mine.†Answers: a) Epizeuxis; b) Assonance; c) Consonance; d) Epiphora; e) Diacope; f) Alliteration ; g) Epizeuxis Did you know there are over 15 types of repetition? Now that you know how to make repetition your writing’s best friend, let’s give a shout-out to your best friend when it comes to removing unnecessary repetition: CTRL+F. We are all guilty of over relying on specific words that crop up in our writing again and again. Get acquainted with your own habitual words, and then use CTRL+F to sweep your document for them. Find, remove, repeat! 😊Do you incorporate repetition into your prose? Is there a specific type that you favor? Leave any thoughts or questions in the comments below!

Markiting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 9

Markiting - Essay Example The Diet Cereals brand is meant to assure the targeted clientele of their health status while still maintaining the delicious qualities of food. The marketing strategy would involve the messages for weight maintenance in order to appeal to the concerns of the target market segment. Matters of convenience and time-saving factors will also be included in the packaging of the message in order to meet the standards of the markets. The middle class urban individuals are informed and often engage keenly with matters of calories and weight. Particularly, the marketing will seek to appeal to the female clientele who are naturally fastidious about politics of calories. The potential employer should develop an element of confidence in my strategy, which are flexible and responsive to the changing needs on the market. The art and science of marketing requires an awareness of trends and the possession of persuasive techniques that would endear to the tastes of the market (Ranchhod and Calin 40). As such, it would be strategic to consider the weaknesses of the dominant competitors in order to respond with the kind of products that fill into the

College of Policing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

College of Policing - Essay Example If the College of Policing exploits its mandate and optimally committed to the realization of various roles as stipulated in the policy framework forming it, then there are so much to expect in terms of realizing the police professionalization and modernization agenda in policing. According to the Home Office, the governmental department in charge of policing and policing reforms is the College of Policing which will ensure that it safeguards public interest develops policing standards and also establish evidence of best policing practices (Home Office, 2012). It is from these duties that emphasis is seen to be in service delivery and a customer-centred approach to service delivery is to be adopted. These are the pillars of modernized policing. The need to step up best policing practices is quite prominent in these specified roles. It is important to note that the negative perception and lack of confidence in the police and by extension its systems in the UK have had the very little optimism of ever being redeemed. This tarnished image goes back decades and improving the image will require â€Å"less talk and more actions†. The institution has suffered from numerous allegations, ranging from lawlessness and its disregard for human rights to several other adverse claims. Take for instance the 1989 Hillsborough disaster where the police have been accused of not conducting themselves properly. It is alleged that testimonies were altered and reports indicate that quite a good number of those who died could have been saved. Compare this with the recent allegations made by the police watchdog that

Factors That Contributed To Industrial Revolution In Britain Essay

Factors That Contributed To Industrial Revolution In Britain - Essay Example Important conditions that favored the growth of industrialization in Europe include capitalism, a growth of population, peace and increased cross-border markets for industrial goods. Capitalism encouraged people to own private property and make beneficial contracts among themselves. They realized that there was the need to work harder with the objective of acquiring more property. Capitalism was a motivation that enhanced people’s desire towards making inventions since it was the only way towards wealth accumulation. The growth of population in Britain provided the necessary labor for industries and guaranteed a local market for goods and services. Increased labor and demand constituted the primary motivators for an industrial revolution. Britain peace and tranquility prevailed in Britain; this provided a favorable environment for industrial growth. Industrial investors no longer feared destruction of their property caused by conflicts and wars. People, therefore, volunteered to install machinery for industrial production with no fear of destructive activities. International demand for industrial goods was increasing at high rates as people desired to make their lives easy through the use of machinery. This provided opportunities for marketing Britain’s industrial goods. Increased markets encouraged more production and accelerated industrial revolution. Industrial revolution marked a major turning point in history because it influenced approximately all aspects of people’s daily lives.

Crime And The Impact On Modern Society

Crime And The Impact On Modern Society The threat and fear of crime are constant concerns that impact many people in modern society. The safety of schools and communities are usually indicated by crime rates, and are justifiably major factors in choosing where to reside. Research denotes that juveniles are involved in numerous crimes each year, as perpetrators who are subjected to legal intervention for status offenses such as running away, school truancy and curfew violations and as victims (Regoli, Hewitt, Delisi, 2007). Literature review reveals that there are official measures of juvenile crime which include those by police, the courts, and corrections agencies; and unofficial measures of juvenile crime such as self-report and victim surveys, that try to give a more complete description of the true extent of juvenile crime (Schmalleger, Bartollas, 2008). This paper will discuss several methodologies of official and unofficial measurements of juvenile delinquency and the identifiable problems with these types of data collections. Keywords: Uniform Crime Report, National Incident-Based Reporting System, self-reporting Criminologists for years have recognized that there are major problems in defining and measuring juvenile delinquency. The first is the legal definition that applies to youth who have been officially labeled in juvenile court. Legal definitions vary by time and place, making comparisons difficult because they are not uniform in all jurisdictions with respect to age of the prosecution; thus they tend to provide an unrealistic picture of the extent and nature of delinquency since they deal only with youth who are caught and processed (Regoli et al., 2007). Behavioral definitions in contrast to the legal definition can sometimes provide a more accurate picture of the extent and nature of delinquency and the characteristics of the offenders and victims. By using behavioral definitions, juveniles who violate statutes are seen as delinquent whether or not they are officially labeled (Regoli et al., 2007). The results have the appearance of delinquency being evenly distributed across social class and more frequent than official statistics would lead us to believe; thus showing a highly noted problem of relying on self-reporting processes and the difficulties in collecting accurate data (Regoli et al., 2007; Schmalleger, 2009). Measurement is not new to the juvenile justice system. Too often data collected by juvenile justice agencies have been unrelated to outcomes, and seldom allowed the public to assess performance in a meaningful way (Schmalleger, Bartollas, 2008). I suggest that this one of the reasons information does not completely help juvenile justice systems and organizations determine impact or cost-effectiveness of their interventions. Data is most useful when it provides input to juvenile justice professionals regarding public awareness and support, and can provide citizens and other government stakeholders with a sense of what the juvenile justice systems and agencies are really accomplishing or trying to accomplish. Official Measuring of Juvenile Delinquency Even with all the debates about the methodology of juvenile delinquency measurement, official crime statistics are considered the most accurate measures of crime and are often used in the news media and by justice agencies. This data is usually compiled by police, courts, and corrections agencies. The Uniform Crime Report (UCR) a program which began in 1929 and provides this type of data on the national and local levels, and track occurrences of eight specific crimes including the locations and frequencies of each (Lynch, Jarvis, 2008). This useful information is collected by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) from law enforcement agencies across the country, and presents descriptive statistical, historical profile of violent juvenile crime in America based on the percentage of all arrests (Lynch, Jarvis, 2008). Another official measure for data collection of juvenile crime is the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). This system was developed in 1988 by the federal government to address some of the shortcomings of the UCR, and is generated from the records management systems of federal, state and local agencies (Regoli, et al., 2007). The NIBRS which collects information on every arrest and incident was intended to be a broader crime reporting system in comparison to the UCR program; and it gives much greater details on specific crimes because it differentiates between crimes that are attempted and crimes that are completed (Schmalleger, 2009). Proponents for official measurements have recently argued that these measures show validity for certain crimes; any problems tend to be stable over time allowing trends and patterns to surface; there is easy to access to the data and relatively inexpensive; they allow for city and regional trend comparisons; and they provides detailed information on reporting patterns, who is arrested, and homicides (Lynch, Jarvis, 2008). In contrast, opponents have raised the issues that the reports do not capture unreported crime because under or over reporting by law enforcement often referred to as the dark figure of crime; and as it relates to juvenile crimes the number of arrests is not equal to the actual number of youths who committed crime, and group arrests overestimate juvenile crime (Lynch, Jarvis, 2008). Un-Official Measuring of Juvenile Delinquency Even though most of the fundamental problems with official crime statistics had been identified before the end of the nineteenth century, including the major problem of the dark figure of unknown crime, it was not until the mid-twentieth century that systematic attempts to unravel some of the mysteries of official statistics were initiated (Regoli, et al., 2007). Turning to data sources outside of the official agencies of criminal justice, unofficial crime statistics were generated in order to explore the dark figure of crime not known to the police, and to create measures of crime that were independent of the official registrars of crime and crime control, which many felt would address more validity and reliability issues in the measurement of crime (Doerner, Lab, 2005). One un-official data collecting measure used for juvenile delinquency is self-reporting. These reports are confidential questionnaires administered to samples of youth who voluntarily report on their own involvement in delinquent activities, which sometimes provide a more complete picture of juvenile delinquency (Webb, Katz, Decker, 2006). They however are not error free. These measures use population samples that arguably are small, and it has been suggested by some criminologists that they are not representative of juvenile offenders as a whole (Webb et al., 2006). Recently, it has been proposed by some researchers that victim surveys recognize the inadequacies of official measures of crime, particularly the apparently substantial volume of crime and victimization that remains unknown to, and therefore un-acted upon by, criminal justice authorities (Doerner, Lab, 2005). The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), a survey sponsored by the federal government and has been collecting data on personal and household victimization since 1973 (Doerner, Lab, 2005). It was designed with four primary objectives: to develop detailed information about the victims and consequences of crime; to estimate the number and types of crimes not reported to the police; to provide uniform measures of selected types of crimes; and to permit comparisons over time and types of areas (Doerner, Lab, 2005). In general, victimization surveys have the same problems and threats to validity and reliability as any other social-science survey. Ironically, there is a double dark figure of hidden crime that is not reported to interviewers in victimization surveys designed to uncover crimes not reported to the police (Doerner, Lab, 2005). Such incomplete reporting of victimization means that victimization surveys, like official data sources, also underestimate the true amount of crime, and this then suggests that the discrepancy between the crime rate estimates of the victim surveys and the UCR may be even larger than reports indicate. A noted strength of victim surveys is that most crimes included in the questionnaire are F.B.I. index crimes; but research also reveals that two index crimes (murder and arson) are not included in the survey, though many other important crimes are measured in the victimization surveys (Doerner, Lab, 2005). It is fair to argue that many times the results from thi s type of data collection show that the victimization statistics are somewhat limited in their representativeness and generalizing ability. Conclusion Debates have been heated over the last few decades on the proper way to measure delinquency. Research reveals that there are three major sources of data that have been used, self-reports of delinquent behavior, victimization surveys, and official accounts (e.g., arrests, court records) (Regoli et al., 2007). These sources of data results do not always agree, and studies have shown that certain methodologies such as survey-reports show weaker associations between social status (e.g., poverty, race, gender) and delinquency than official records (Regoli et al., 2007). Proponents for methodological measurements argue that these sources of data yield reasonably similar patterns when the object of inquiry is serious and persistent delinquency (Schmalleger, 2009). I suggest there is still a need for more methodologies to aid in the challenges of prevention and recidivism juvenile crime.